NASA's new study of the Moon's Apollo lunar soils suggests that meteorite impacts may have been a limited source of water for Earth. The research, published in the Proceedings to the National Academy of Sciences, used a novel method to analyze the regolith on the Moon's surface, known as lunar regolith, and found that even under generous assumptions, meteorite delivery since about four billion years ago could only have supplied a small fraction of Earth's water.
The study's lead researcher, Tony Gargano, explained that the lunar regolith is one of the rare places where scientists can interpret a time-integrated record of what was hitting Earth's neighborhood for billions of years. By analyzing the oxygen-isotope fingerprints in the regolith, the team was able to pull an impactor signal out of a mixture that has been melted, vaporized, and reworked countless times.
The findings imply that late delivery of water-rich meteorites could not have been the dominant source of Earth's oceans. The study's co-author, Justin Simon, added that while the results do not rule out the possibility of meteorite delivery, they make it difficult to reconcile the hypothesis that late meteorite delivery was the primary source of Earth's oceans.
The Moon's accessible water inventory is concentrated in small, permanently shadowed regions at the North and South Poles. These areas are some of the coldest spots in the solar system, offering unique opportunities for scientific discovery and potential resources for future lunar exploration.
The samples analyzed for this study came from parts of the Moon near the equator on the side facing Earth, where all six Apollo missions landed. The rocks and dust collected more than 50 years ago continue to reveal new insights but are constrained to a small portion of the Moon.
The study's results have significant implications for our understanding of water sources on both the Moon and Earth. By exploring the Moon and its resources, scientists hope to gain a better understanding of the solar system's history and potential risks and opportunities for human exploration and settlement.
The study's lead researcher, Tony Gargano, explained that the lunar regolith is one of the rare places where scientists can interpret a time-integrated record of what was hitting Earth's neighborhood for billions of years. By analyzing the oxygen-isotope fingerprints in the regolith, the team was able to pull an impactor signal out of a mixture that has been melted, vaporized, and reworked countless times.
The findings imply that late delivery of water-rich meteorites could not have been the dominant source of Earth's oceans. The study's co-author, Justin Simon, added that while the results do not rule out the possibility of meteorite delivery, they make it difficult to reconcile the hypothesis that late meteorite delivery was the primary source of Earth's oceans.
The Moon's accessible water inventory is concentrated in small, permanently shadowed regions at the North and South Poles. These areas are some of the coldest spots in the solar system, offering unique opportunities for scientific discovery and potential resources for future lunar exploration.
The samples analyzed for this study came from parts of the Moon near the equator on the side facing Earth, where all six Apollo missions landed. The rocks and dust collected more than 50 years ago continue to reveal new insights but are constrained to a small portion of the Moon.
The study's results have significant implications for our understanding of water sources on both the Moon and Earth. By exploring the Moon and its resources, scientists hope to gain a better understanding of the solar system's history and potential risks and opportunities for human exploration and settlement.